indicative mood which is used to express facts, opinions, and objective realities.Presente
English: Present
Yo hablo español. (I speak Spanish.)
Pretérito
English: Preterite / Simple Past
Ella comió pizza. (She ate pizza.)
Imperfecto
English: Imperfect
Nosotros vivíamos en Madrid. (We used to live in Madrid.)
Futuro
English: Future
Ellos viajarán mañana. (They will travel tomorrow.)
Condicional
English: Conditional
Yo estudiaría más. (I would study more.)
subjunctive mood which is used to express uncertainty, subjectivity, and hypothetical situations.Subjuntivo Presente
English: Present Subjunctive
Quiero que comas. (I want you to eat.)
Subjuntivo Imperfecto
English: Imperfect Subjunctive
Si yo fuera rico... (If I were rich...)
haber + a past participle like hablado, comido, or vivido.Presente Perfecto
English: Present Perfect
He leído el libro. (I have read the book.)
Pluscuamperfecto
English: Past Perfect
Habíamos terminado. (We had finished.)
Futuro Perfecto
English: Future Perfect
Habré salido. (I will have left.)
Condicional Perfecto
English: Conditional Perfect
Habría ido contigo. (I would have gone with you.)
imperative mood which is used to express commands or to tell someone to do something.Tú Afirmativo (+)
English: Tú Affirmative Command
¡Haz la tarea! (Do the homework!)
Tú Negativo (-)
English: Tú Negative Command
¡No hables! (Don't speak!)
Usted (±)
English: Usted Command
¡Coma desayuno! (Eat breakfast!)
Ustedes (±)
English: Ustedes Command
¡No lean! (Don't read you guys!)
Nosotros (±)
English: Nosotros Command
¡Bebamos agua! (Drink water you guys!)
Vosotros Afirmativo (+)
English: Vosotros Affirmative Command
¡Viajad! (Travel y'all! - in Spain)
Vosotros Negativo (-)
English: Vosotros Negative Command
¡No dormáis! (Don't sleep y'all! - in Spain)
| Tense | English | Example | More |
|---|---|---|---|
Indicative Tenses All of the following tenses are in the indicative mood which is used to express facts, opinions, and objective realities. | |||
| Presente | Present | Yo hablo español. (I speak Spanish.) | |
| Pretérito | Preterite / Simple Past | Ella comió pizza. (She ate pizza.) | |
| Imperfecto | Imperfect | Nosotros vivíamos en Madrid. (We used to live in Madrid.) | |
| Futuro | Future | Ellos viajarán mañana. (They will travel tomorrow.) | |
| Condicional | Conditional | Yo estudiaría más. (I would study more.) | |
Subjunctive Tenses All of the following tenses are in the subjunctive mood which is used to express uncertainty, subjectivity, and hypothetical situations. | |||
| Subjuntivo Presente | Present Subjunctive | Quiero que comas. (I want you to eat.) | |
| Subjuntivo Imperfecto | Imperfect Subjunctive | Si yo fuera rico... (If I were rich...) | |
Perfect Tenses All of the following tenses are formed with a conjugated form of haber + a past participle like hablado, comido, or vivido. | |||
| Presente Perfecto | Present Perfect | He leído el libro. (I have read the book.) | |
| Pluscuamperfecto | Past Perfect | Habíamos terminado. (We had finished.) | |
| Futuro Perfecto | Future Perfect | Habré salido. (I will have left.) | |
| Condicional Perfecto | Conditional Perfect | Habría ido contigo. (I would have gone with you.) | |
Commands All of the following tenses are in the imperative mood which is used to express commands or to tell someone to do something. | |||
| Tú Afirmativo (+) | Tú Affirmative Command | ¡Haz la tarea! (Do the homework!) | |
| Tú Negativo (-) | Tú Negative Command | ¡No hables! (Don't speak!) | |
| Usted (±) | Usted Command | ¡Coma desayuno! (Eat breakfast!) | |
| Ustedes (±) | Ustedes Command | ¡No lean! (Don't read you guys!) | |
| Nosotros (±) | Nosotros Command | ¡Bebamos agua! (Drink water you guys!) | |
| Vosotros Afirmativo (+) | Vosotros Affirmative Command | ¡Viajad! (Travel y'all! - in Spain) | |
| Vosotros Negativo (-) | Vosotros Negative Command | ¡No dormáis! (Don't sleep y'all! - in Spain) | |
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